Cancer of unknown primary (CUP)
Where the source of original cancer is unknown
Any concerns?
CUP means that your doctor is not sure where the cancer started.
We investigate, treat and provide support to patients who are diagnosed with cancer of unknown primary (CUP).
The service incorporates both in-patient and out-patient facilities at Harrogate District Hospital.
Cancer of unknown primary (CUP) is when a secondary cancer is diagnosed, but despite tests the doctors can’t identify where the cancer first started. The primary cancer is unknown.
Signs and symptoms
The signs and symptoms of CUP can be varied. Please visit the Macmillan Cancer Support website for more information.
Tests to diagnose CUP cancer
The tests needed to diagnose CUP will be undertaken at Harrogate District NHS Foundation Trust.
A CT scan uses x-rays and a computer to produce detailed images of the inside of your body. The department performs a wide range of CT examinations including brain, body and limb imaging. Interventional procedures such as biopsies, joint injections and drainage insertions are also performed under CT control.
MRI is an advanced imaging technique which uses a very strong magnetic field and radio waves to produce high quality pictures of your body. These images are much more detailed than ordinary X-rays, and don’t do not utilise radiation. We may offer you an MRI scan when other types of scan haven’t given the full picture.
Your experience will of an X-ray will vary according to the type of imaging technique being used, so please read your appointment letter carefully to ensure you know where you’re going and what to expect.
If you’re undergoing an X-ray of your chest, abdomen, pelvis, or spine, you will be asked to undress and wear a hospital gown. You will also need to remove any jewellery which overlies the area being scanned.
Your examination will be undertaken by a radiographer or an assistant practitioner. Radiographers are not trained to read X-rays, and so once you’ve had your scan, it will be sent to a consultant radiologist or advanced radiographer for diagnosis.
A bone density scan uses low dose X-rays to see how dense (or strong) your bones are. You may also hear it called a DEXA scan.
As well as being quick and painless, a bone density scan is more effective than normal X-rays in identifying low bone density.
Endoscopy is the term that is used to describe the direct visual examination of any part of the inside of the body that can be reached through a natural orifice.
Find out more about endoscopy.
Treatments for CUP
We give chemotherapy and other types of treatment. We will provide you with important information on what to expect, how your treatment will be given, possible side effects and what to do if you feel unwell at any time during your course of treatment. Please let us know if you if you require this information in another language or format.
Bisphosphonates are drugs that help prevent or slow down bone thinning (osteoporosis). They can help to treat some types of cancer that cause bone damage.
You might hear bisphosphonates called bone hardening or bone strengthening treatment. They are also a treatment for high levels of calcium in your blood.
Chemotherapy is a cancer treatment where medicine is used to kill cancer cells.
For more information visit the Macmillan Cancer Support website.
Hormone therapies work by altering the production or activity of particular hormones in the body. Hormone therapy blocks the effects of hormones on cancer cells and reduces the risk of cancer coming back.
There are several different types of hormone therapy. They are usually given as either tablets or injections.
Surgery is when a surgeon removes all or part of the cancer. There are different types of surgery for treating cancer. Your cancer team will decide with you which treatments are likely to work best for you.
Visit the Macmillan Cancer support website to read more about surgery.
Before starting treatment
Your cancer doctor will talk to you about your cancer, treatment options and side effects. This is important for you to understand so you can fully consent to having treatment for your cancer.
How treatment is given
Chemotherapy can be given by tablet, injection or via a drip called an intravenous infusion. This requires a short thin tube to be inserted into a vein either in your hand or arm. Depending on your treatment you may need additional fluids to be given before, after and or during to ensure you are fully hydrated.
The nurse looking after you will also give you anti-sickness medication and sometimes a steroid too. These may be given as a tablet, injection or an infusion.
Cancer treatments are usually given over several months this is called a course of treatment. Each session is called a cycle and are often spaced 3 weeks apart. During the course of your treatment you may have additional scans arranged to monitor your progress.
Find out more about visiting and appointments.
For more information about cancers of unknown primary please visit the Cancer Research UK website and Macmillan Cancer Support.
Meet our Multidisciplinary Team
The cancer of unknown primary service is made up of a Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) who work together to identify the best course of treatment for each patient.
Find out more about the Cancer of Unknown Primary (CUP) multidisciplinary team.
Your health and wellbeing
We know that living with cancer has repercussions beyond treating the cancer itself. Your mental health, your financial situation, the disruption to your family life are all important issues. The help we provide extends far beyond medical treatment. Check our range of support services and get the help you need.
